[1579] Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana, available at http://www.notarlex.it/codici.jsp (last visited May 20, 2003).
[1580] Id. at art. 15.
[1581] Legge No. 675 (December 31, 1996), amended by Decreto Legislativo No. 123 (May 9, 1997) and Decreto Legislativo No. 255 (July 28, 1997), available at http://www.privacy.it/dl1997123.html; Legge 31 Dicembre 1996, N. 676, Delega al Governo in materia di tutela delle persone e di altri soggetti rispetto al trattamento dei dati personali, available at http://www.privacy.it/legge96676.html (last visited May 30, 2003).
[1582] Decreto del Presidente della Repubblica No. 318 (July 28, 1999), available at http://www.privacy.it/dpr318-1999.html.
[1583] Decreto Legislativo No. 282 (July 28, 1999), available at http://www.privacy.it/dl1999282.html.
[1584] Decreto Legislativo No. 171.(May 13, 1998), available at http://www.privacy.it/dl1998171.html.
[1585] Decreto Legislativo No. 281 (July 30, 1999), available at http://www.privacy.it/dl1999281.html.
[1586] Decreto Legislativo No. 135 (May 11, 1999), available at http://www.privacy.it/dl1999135.html.
[1587] See generally Garante per la Protezione dei Dati Personali at http://www.dataprotection.org/.
[1588] Decreto del Presidente della Repubblica No. 501 (March 31, 1998), reprinted in Gazzetta Ufficiale No. 25 (February 1, 1991), available at http://193.207.119.193/MV/gazzette_ufficiali/25/2.htm.
[1589] E-Mail from Antonio Caselli (on behalf of Mr. Giovanni Buttarelli, Secretary General to the Italian Data Protection Authority) to Dwayne Nelson, IPIOP Clerk, Electronic Privacy Information Center (June 17, 2002) (on file with the Electronic Privacy Information Center).
[1590] "Employee Evaluation Data Are Personal Data," Official Web Site for the Italian Data Protection Commission, (February 6, 2001), available at http://www2.garanteprivacy.it/garante/ (last visited May 30, 2003).
[1591] "The garante Says No to Political Spamming," Official Web Site for the Italian Data Protection Commission, (January 11, 2001), available at http://www2.garanteprivacy.it/garante/ (last visited May 30, 2003).
[1592] "Italy: Flawed Data Protection Approach by a Police Corps," Official Web Site for the Italian Data Protection Commission, (January 11, 2001), available at http://www2.garanteprivacy.it/garante/ (last visited May 30, 2003).
[1593] "Employee's Badges: Less Personal Data for More Privacy," Official Web Site for the Italian Data Protection Commission, (December 11, 2000), available at http://www2.garanteprivacy.it/garante/ (last visited May 30, 2003).
[1594] "No Taking of Fingerprints to Enter a Bank," Official Web Site for the Italian Data Protection Commission, (December 11, 2000), available at http://www2.garanteprivacy.it/garante/ (last visited May 30, 2003).
[1595] "Right of Access - Personal Data Included in Medical Expert Opinions for Insurance Purposes: Access May be Deferred," Official Web Site for the Italian Data Protection Commission, (December 28, 2000), available at http://www2.garanteprivacy.it/garante/ (last visited May 30, 2003).
[1596] "Personal Data and Elections-Instructions for Use," Official Web Site of the Italian Data Protection Commission (March 7, 2001), available at http://www2.garanteprivacy.it/garante/ (last visited May 30, 2003).
[1597] "Relazione 2002 - Nuovi diritti, riservatezza, dignita della persona: sei anni dalla legge 675," 11750/02/IT, WP 67, Garante per la Protezione dei Dati Personali (2002), available under "Attivita dell'Authorita" at http://www.garanteprivacy.it (last visited June 2, 2003).
[1598] Id.
[1599] "Non e' una firmetta!," Newsletter of the Garante per la Protezione dei Dati Personali, No. 163 (March 17-23, 2003), available at http://www.garanteprivacy.it (last visited June 2, 2003).
[1600] Nuovi elenchi telefonici: chiarezza nelle informazioni agli abbonati," Newsletter of the Garante per la Protezione dei Dati Personali, No. 163 (February 24-March 2, 2003), available at http://www.garanteprivacy.it (last visited June 2, 2003).
[1601] See generally Garante per la Protezione dei Dati Personali at http://www.garanteprivacy.it.
[1602] Decreto del Presidente della Repubblica No. 447, Approvazione del Codice Procedura Penale (September 22, 1988).
[1603] Legge No. 547 (December 23, 1993).
[1604] French Commission National de Control des Interceptions de Securite, Annual Report (1996).
[1605] British Broadcasting Corporation Worldwide Monitoring, "Italian News Agency ANSA review of the Italian press for 7 Jun 02," (June 7, 2002).
[1606] "Italy: Interior Minister Link Terrorism and Activists," Statewatch News Online (February 2003), at http://www.statewatch.org/news/2003/feb/02italy.htm (last visited June 4, 2003).
[1607] Id.
[1608] Legge No. 93 (March 29, 1983).
[1609] Decreto del Presidente della Repubblica No. 513 (November 10, 1997), available at http://www.privacy.it/dpcm19990208.html.
[1610] Legge No. 300, § 8 (May 20, 1970).
[1611] Legge No. 547 (December 23, 1993).
[1612] Rory Caroll, "Meet the People of Genetic Park," The Guardian (London) (October 30, 2000).
[1613] "Italian police censor U.S.-hosted sites," Global Internet Liberty Campaign Newsletter, 6:5 (July 23, 2002); see also "Italy gags 'porno' Virgin Mary sites," BBC News Online (July 10, 2002) at http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/europe/newsid_2119000/2119780.stm (last visited June 2, 2003) and Associated Press,"Italian police shut down U.S.-based porn sites," USATODAY.com (July 10, 2002), available at http://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/2002/07/10/italy-porn.htm (last visited June 4, 2003).
[1614] "Italian police censor U.S.-hosted sites," Global Internet Liberty Campaign Newsletter, 6:5 (July 23, 2002).
[1615] "Italy: Activists Arrested for 'Subversive Association,'" Statewatch News Online (November 2002), at http://www.statewatch.org/news/2002/nov/06italy.htm (last visited June 4, 2003).
[1616] Id.
[1617] "Update: Italy: Activists Freed, but Still Under Investigation," Statewatch News Online (February 2003), at http://www.statewatch.org/news/2003/feb/02italy.htm (last visited June 4, 2003).
[1618] "Prada Personalizing Customer Experience at New York Epicenter Store Using Texas Instruments RFid Smart Labels," Business Wire (April 23, 2002).
[1619] Id.
[1620] Ann Bednarz, "Privacy concerns dog initial RFID plans," Network World (April 28, 2003).
[1621] Id.; and see "Benetton: No Microchips Present in Garments on Sale," United Colors of Benetton Press Release (April 4, 2003) available at http://www.benetton.com/press/ (last visited June 4, 2003).
[1622] Italy is the third largest global producer of counterfeit products "and Europe's greatest consumer of counterfeit products." Laurence Morel-Chavillet,"Anti-counterfeiting in Europe - a difficult struggle," IPR No. 4 (October 2002) available at http://www.statewatch.org/news/2002/nov/06italy.htm (last visited June 4, 2003).
[1623] Decreto Legislative No. 68 (April 29, 2003), available at www.altalex.it.
[1624] "Petition Against Copyright Law in Italy," EDRI-gram, No. 4 (March 12, 2003) (Newsletter on file with Electronic Privacy Information Center); see generally Associazione Software Libero online at softwarelibero.it.
[1625] "Italian Police Cracking Down on Illegal Music Downloads," GigaLaw.com Daily News (June 4, 2003) (on file with the Electronic Privacy Information Center).
[1626] See "Europa," The European Union Online, at http://europa.eu.int (last visited June 2, 2003).
[1627] The Council of Europe is an intergovernmental organization funded by the member states. Members of the Council must accept the principles of human rights and the rule of law. Council of Europe, at http://www.coe.int (last visited June 2, 2003). For membership, see "Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe," available at http://www.coe.int/T/E/Committee_of_Ministers/Home/ (last visited June 2, 2003).
[1628] European Treaties Series ("ETS") Nos. 108, 181, (enacted July 1, 1997).
[1629] ETS No. 5 (ratified by Italy, October 26, 1955).
[1630] ETS No. 185 (signed by Italy, November 23, 2001).