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Content type: Guide step
Content delivery networks (CDNs) are geographically distributed network of proxy servers that seek to provide features such as better availability and performances for websites. While the goal is commendable, it also means that these CDN providers receive metadata related to the websites you visit (where they are setup). With this is mind, you might want to sacrifice the added convenience and avoid large CDN providers (such as Google and Cloudflare) to prevent them from obtaining any data…
Content type: Guide step
Installation
Like any other add-on, install Firefox Multi-Account Containers by visiting the Mozilla Firefox Add-ons page and clicking Add to Firefox (Fig. 1) and then clicking on Add when prompted (Fig. 2).
Content type: Guide step
Browser cookies allow websites to preserve session data such as your login credentials or items in your shopping basket so that you don't lose information when you close the page. Unfortunately, they are often abused to track your online activity across the web. Using a dedicated addon, you can clean your cookies regularily to ensure that no unwanted cookie is kept in your browser, limiting the efficienty of online trackers.
This guide explains how to install Cookie AutoDelete, a web-browser…
Content type: Guide step
Atención: Chrome es un producto de Google y, como tal, incorpora muchos mecanismos que posiblemente estén compartiendo datos con Google. Uno de estos mecanismos vincula automáticamente tu navegador a tu cuenta de Google cuando inicias una sesión en cualquier servicio de Google (por ejemplo, Gmail). Para evitar que esto suceda, considera usar Firefox o una alternativa basada en Chrome (por ejemplo, Vivaldi, Opera, Brave...). Otra posibilidad es seguir las indicaciones de esta guía para…
Content type: Guide step
Warning: Chrome is a Google product and as such embeds many mechanisms that might share data with Google. One such mechanism automatically links your browser to your Google account when you sign in on any Google service (e.g. Gmail). Consider using Firefox or a Chrome-based alternative (e.g. Vivaldi, Opera, Brave...) to avoid this. Alternatively you can disable some of these behaviours in the settings by following this guide.
Changing settings in Chrome menu
To access the settings, click on…
Content type: Guide step
Privacy Badger es una extensión para el navegador que bloquea los anuncios y los rastreadores para evitar que las empresas rastreen tus actividades en línea. Esta extensión lleva una lista actualizada de los rastreadores que detecta mediante pruebas automatizadas (que se hacen a través de servidores especializados y no desde tu computador) y periódicamente envía la lista actualizada a tu navegador. De este modo, cada vez que detecta nuevos servidores de anuncios (por ejemplo, si una nueva…
Content type: Guide step
Online trackers are small bits of code embedded directly into a website's main code which collect data points about you and your browsing activity. This may include the pages you visit, how long you spend on them, where you scroll and the links you click on. On top of the online advertising industry, there are other actors that can potentially make use of trackers to track your online activity, including governments and/or law enforcement agencies.
There are extensions you can add to your…
Content type: Guide step
When you access a website, your browser sends a string called the User Agent containing your browser's name, operating system, and other technical metadata of your device. Unfortunately, this metadata is often abused by trackers to build a fingerprint of your system and uniquely identify you throughout the web. To limit the efficiency of fingerprinting you can install a random agent switcher which periodically changes your browser's user agent, making it harder to uniquely identify you.
Random…
Content type: Guide step
Content delivery networks (CDNs) are geographically distributed network of proxy servers that seek to provide features such as better availability and performances for websites. While the goal is commendable, it also means that these CDN providers receive metadata related to the websites you visit (where they are setup). With this is mind, you might want to sacrifice the added convenience and avoid large CDN providers (such as Google and Cloudflare) to prevent them from obtaining any data…
Content type: Guide step
Las redes de distribución de contenidos (CDN) son redes geográficamente distribuidas de servidores proxy que buscan ofrecer funciones como mejorar la disponibilidad y el rendimiento de los sitios web. Aunque el objetivo es loable, también implica que los proveedores de CDN reciben metadatos vinculados con los sitios web que visitas (donde están configurados). Por ello, quizá sea conveniente sacrificar estas ventajas adicionales y prescindir de los grandes proveedores de CDN (como Google y…
Content type: Guide step
When you access a website, your browser sends a string called the User Agent containing your browser's name, operating system, and other technical metadata of your device. Unfortunately, this metadata is often abused by trackers to build a fingerprint of your system and uniquely identify you throughout the web. To limit the efficiency of fingerprinting you can install a tool which periodically changes your browser's user agent, making it harder to uniquely identify you. Random User-Agent is an…
Content type: Guide step
Cuando accedes a un sitio web, tu navegador envía una cadena llamada agente de usuario que recoge el nombre de tu navegador, el sistema operativo y otros metadatos técnicos de tu dispositivo. Desafortunadamente, los rastreadores suelen abusar de estos metadatos para crear una huella digital de tu sistema e identificarte con precisión en toda la web. Para limitar la capacidad de obtener tu huella digital, puedes instalar un conmutador de agente de usuario para cambiar periódicamente el agente de…
Content type: Guide step
Blokada es un bloqueador de anuncios que actúa como una VPN para bloquear el tráfico no deseado con base en hostnames (urls). Esto evita que las aplicaciones ejecutándose en tu dispositivo carguen anuncios y datos maliciosos.
Instalación
Para instalar Blokada, visita su página en la Play Store y haz clic en Instalar (Fig. 1).
Content type: Guide step
DNS level content blocking prevents your device from connecting to known domains that will serve you unwanted ads and track you across all different apps and browsers on your device.
DNS or 'Domain Name System' is basically the 'phone book for the internet'. On the internet, all your requests to access websites are routed to IP addresses. Since IP addresses are sets of numbers and hard to remember, we usually address hosts by their much easier to remember host-name (e.g. privacyinternational.…
Content type: Guide step
The Advertising ID is a unique identifier native to the Android Operating System that advertisers might use to uniquely identify you. It facilitates the creation of profiles by advertisers or data brokers that can later be used for advertisement targeting or other purposes.
Warning: Android settings may be placed on different menus depending on the distribution you are running. In which case, you can use the search feature to quickly find the settings mentioned in this guide.
Opt out of…
Content type: Guide step
El ID de publicidad es un identificador único que ofrece el sistema operativo Android y que los anunciantes pueden utilizar para identificarte con precisión. Facilita que los anunciantes o las empresas que comercializan datos (data brokers) elaboren un perfil que después puede ser usado para personalizar los anuncios u otros fines.
Cómo cancelar la personalización de anuncios
Ya hemos escrito antes sobre los riesgos que suponen los anuncios personalizados para tu privacidad digital.
Para…
Content type: Examples
After a two year investigation into credit referencing agencies (CRAs) Experian, Equifax and TransUnion - initiated in part pursuant to a complaint filed by PI against Equifax and Experian in November 2018 - the ICO has published a report finding "widespread and systemic data protection failings" in the data broking sector. Pursuant to its investigation, the ICO issued an enforcement notice against Experian, requesting the company to achieve compliance with data…
Content type: Frequently Asked Questions
On 27 October 2020, the UK Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) issued a report into three credit reference agencies (CRAs) - Experian, Equifax and TransUnion - which also operate as data brokers for direct marketing purposes.
After our initial reaction, below we answer some of the main questions regarding this report.
Content type: Examples
noyb filed a complaint against address broker AZ Direct Österreich GmbH after it refused to provide information on the origin and recipients of data processed.
The address broker, in a response to a data subject access request, claimed not to know where the residential address of the data subject – which it had on file – had come from. Similarly, AZ Direct failed to provide a detailed reply regarding the recipients of the data, and simply provided possible categories of recipients.
Content type: Examples
PI filed a complaint against health website Doctissimo with the French data protection authority (CNIL) after our research found that Doctissimo engaged in programmatic advertising, and shared the results of online depression tests taken on its platform with third parties.
The complaint argues, among others, that Doctissimo had no lawful basis for the processing of personal data as the requirements for valid consent are not met, and that it does not comply with the Data Protection Principles…
Content type: Examples
The Norwegian Consumer Council (Forbrukerrådet) and noyb filed three formal complaints against Grindr and ad tech companies that were receiving personal data through the app: Twitter’s MoPub, AT&T’s AppNexus, OpenX, AdColony and Smaato.
The complaint followed an investigation carried out by the Norwegian Consumer Council which found that the online advertising industry was “systematically breaking the law”, transmitting personal data and tracking users in ways that are banned under the…
Content type: News & Analysis
Back in June, we published our investigation into Facebook brands, highlighting how Facebook failed to provide its users with a fair and meaningful understanding of how targeted advertising operated on its platform, and a number of issues preventing users from exercising their rights to the fullest possible extent. In face of the serious gaps encountered, we published an open letter to Facebook drawing attention to four main issues as well as our recommended actions to tackle them. This letter…
Content type: News & Analysis
Banning TikTok? It's time to fix the out-of-control data exploitation industry - not a symptom of it
Chinese apps and tech companies have been at the forefront of the news recently. Following India's ban of 59 chinese apps in July, President Trump announced his desire to ban TikTok, shortly followed by his backing of Microsoft's intention to buy the US branch of its parent company ByteDance. Other than others lip syncing his public declaration, what does President Trump fear from this app, run by a firm, based in China?
It's all about that data
One clear answer emerges: the exploitation of…
Content type: Advocacy
Introduction
In February 2020, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) commenced an investigation into the proposed acquisition of Fitbit by Google, which was originally announced in November 2019.
In March 2020, we made a submission to the ACCC, arguing that the acquisition would very likely have onerous implications for both consumers and markets. We asked the Australian regulator to apply strict scrutiny and not let hisory once again repeat itself. We concluded that the…
Content type: News & Analysis
In September 2019, PI published the report Your Mental Health for Sale. Our investigation looked into popular mental health websites and their data sharing practices.
Our findings suggest that, at the time of the research, most websites we looked at were using third party tracking for advertising purposes, sometimes relying on programmatic advertising technologies such as Real Time Bidding (RTB), sharing personal data with potentially thousands of actors. Some websites were also found sharing…
Content type: Video
Immediately following the UK general election in December 2019, we worked with Open Rights Group to commission a YouGov poll about public understanding and public opinion about the use of data-driven campaigning in elections.
The poll used a representative sample of 1,664 adults across the UK population.
'Data-driven political campaigning' is about using specific data about you to target specific messages at you. So, for this might involve knowing that you are, for example, likely to…